An electret microphone module captures sound and converts it into an electrical signal.
NPN Transistor (BC547):
The NPN transistor is used as a switch. When a varying voltage is applied to its base (coming from the microphone module), it modulates the current flowing from the collector to the emitter.
LEDs:
Multiple LEDs are connected in a visually appealing arrangement. The LEDs will light up in response to the modulated signal from the transistor.
Resistors (R1, R2):
Current-limiting resistors (R1) are connected in series with each LED. Another resistor (R2) is connected between the base of the transistor and the positive voltage rail.
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